KICHIK BIZNESGA KAFILLIK VA FOIZ KOMPENSATSIYASI: DAVLAT XARAJATI VA NATIJADORLIGINI BAHOLASH
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https://doi.org/10.68549/be8swy15Kalit so‘zlar:
kichik biznes, bank krediti, foiz kompensatsiyasi, kredit kafilligi, qo‘shimcha samara (additionality), fiskal xarajat, farqlar farqi usuli, integral indeks.Annotatsiya
Maqolada O‘zbekistonda kichik biznesni bank kreditlari, foiz kompensatsiyasi, kafillik va qayta moliyalashtirish orqali qo‘llab-quvvatlash natijadorligi hisobdorlikning to‘rt qatlami – majburiyatlar, pul oqimi, yo‘qotishlar va natijalar asosida baholangan. Rasmiy ma’lumotlar tahliliga ko‘ra, 2025-yil 1-iyulgacha jamlangan 19,516 trln so‘mlik moliyaviy yordamning 54,6 foizi kafillik nominali, 34,3 foizi kompensatsiya majburiyatlaridan iborat bo‘lib, yalpi ko‘rsatkich haqiqiy budjet xarajatini ifodalamaydi. Kafillikning har 1 so‘miga 2,57 so‘m, kompensatsiyaning 1 so‘miga 7,46 so‘m kredit to‘g‘ri kelgan, kompensatsiya majburiyatlari esa tegishli kredit hajmining 13,4 foizini tashkil etgan. Kafillik portfeli bo‘yicha kutilayotgan talabnomalar 4–20 foizlik defolt va 20–60 foizlik qaytarilish ssenariylarida 0,17–1,70 trln so‘m oralig‘ida baholangan. 2026-yil yanvar–sentyabrda dastur kreditlari 32,4 foizga, mikro, kichik va o‘rta tadbirkorlik (MKO‘T) kreditlari 21,7 foizga oshgan. Tadqiqotda moliyaviy yordamning yakuniy iqtisodiy natijalari bo‘yicha jamlanma ko‘rsatkichlar ochiq manbalarda yetarlicha yoritilmagani aniqlangan.
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